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	<title>Restoration Tips &#038; Notes</title>
	<link>http://richardhess.com/notes</link>
	<description>Working with audio media (mostly tape) restoration</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sun, 20 May 2012 01:39:14 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Gap Length</title>
		<description><![CDATA[This page provides a table of signal wavelengths for different speeds and frequencies. It is sometimes useful in understanding bandwidth limitations at the high end for a particular head. The first null occurs when the wavelength of the signal is about 112% of the optically measured length of the gap. A common place to set [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2012/03/06/gap-length/</link>
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		<title>Agfa PEM-469 success</title>
		<description><![CDATA[We had success transferring two reels of one-inch Agfa PEM-469 tape that was shedding and leaving a waxy clear-to-yellow exudate on everything. We were happy to get through these and recover the content. This is discussed in more detail towards the bottom of our Degrading Tapes page—hopefully the most up-to-date resource on the Web about [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2012/02/26/agfa-pem-469-success/</link>
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		<title>Studer A80 RC modifications for 1/2-inch two track and other modifications</title>
		<description><![CDATA[In a discussion on 2012-01-20 in the New Studer list, Todor Dimitrov posted the differences between the record and repro boards between a 1/4-inch and a 1/2-inch two-track A80RC repro cards. Here are the changed components for the 1/2-inch version. There are five different oscillator versions in the manual, including one for 1/2-inch. RECORD: C34=68pF [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2012/01/20/studer-a80rc-repro-mods/</link>
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		<title>Capturing both directions of a half-track mono tape</title>
		<description><![CDATA[It is possible to capture both directions of a two-sided half-track mono tape in one pass. The critical factors are: Azimuth Direction Polarity The azimuth of both sides needs to be the same. If the two sides were recorded at different sessions and/or on different machines, then there is no guarantee that azimuth will be [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2012/01/06/capturing-both-directions-of-a-half-track-mono-tape/</link>
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		<title>Playing full-track mono tapes</title>
		<description><![CDATA[About ten years ago, when I transferred the oldest tapes in the United States as part of the Mullin-Palmer collection, my good friend Don Ososke pressured me to use a full-track head for the project. I had started transferring these full-track tapes with a Woelke NAB stereo (two 80 mil (2 mm) tracks) head and [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2012/01/06/playing-full-track-mono-tapes/</link>
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		<title>What those little ©, ?, and ® symbols mean&#8230;</title>
		<description><![CDATA[There are several symbols that are widely used to denote that intellectual property is protected. Circle with a C in it © Wikipedia Circle with a P in it ? Wikipedia Circle with an R in it ® Wikipedia Superscript TM ™ Wikipedia This site talks about where to find these symbols in type libraries. [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/12/21/what-those-little-%c2%a9-and-%c2%ae-symbols-mean/</link>
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		<title>Obsolete data formats</title>
		<description><![CDATA[This is a reminder that data formats come and go just like audio and video formats. On this, the 48th anniversary of the JFK assassination, this article was posted at the Library of Congress website. It talks about first locating and then converting research data held on IBM 80-column punch cards. I remember working with [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/11/22/obsolete-data-formats/</link>
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		<title>Personal Image Scanning Project</title>
		<description><![CDATA[In the 2007-2008 school year, my son Robert asked me why we did not have all our family images in the computer as there were some that he needed for a report. Since this was a project I had desired to undertake for some time (but who has the time), I responded with &#8220;I&#8217;m very [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/11/05/personal-image-scanning-project/</link>
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		<title>DAT&#8217;s not good&#8230;</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The long-term maintenance of digital formats that I do not get a great call for has become a burden. While I would like to have all formats available for all people, I have such a backlog of analog, that I will not be accepting digital-only projects in many formats that I used to. The formats [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/10/02/dats-not-good/</link>
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		<title>Slide Storage Warning &#8211; Airequipt 2 x 2 Slide File</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Over the years, I&#8217;ve used various methods of storing 35 mm colour transparencies. Until 1992, I used mostly metal slide boxes, but I do have about five Airequipt 2 x 2 Slide Files which are a hard plastic. One of them was sitting on a painted steel shelf and I found some oozing degradation components [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/08/22/slide-storage-warning-airequipt-2-x-2-slide-file/</link>
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		<title>Watch those insects!</title>
		<description><![CDATA[OK, this is not directly related to audio, but three audio people I know have been bitten by insects this spring and have suffered greatly for it. One was bitten by a spider in California, one almost died from a flea bite in Texas, and another received a suspected spider bite in Pennsylvania&#8230;so be careful&#8230;you [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/05/31/watch-those-insects/</link>
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		<title>Update Kyread spray-on magnetic viewer fluid</title>
		<description><![CDATA[In several articles on magnetic viewers, we have discussed the spray-on Kyread product. That company has been closed due to the death of the owner several years ago. The good news is that the Geneva Group of Companies (click here) has taken on the product line, but the bad news is that they have dropped [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/05/30/update-kyread-spray-on-magnetic-viewer-fluid/</link>
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		<title>Update to magnetic viewer accessories</title>
		<description><![CDATA[I remain a fan of the Sigma MV-95 magnetic viewer despite its slowness at times. I discussed it at length here in June of 2007. It has helped analyze many problematic tapes and has helped me understand the issues enough to apply the correct solution to transfer damaged tapes. An example is here. Last October, [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/04/14/update-to-magnetic-viewer-accessories/</link>
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		<title>Lighter edge-shedding another possible degradation modality</title>
		<description><![CDATA[We have seen some tapes which cannot be baked and others that did not need baking and could be treated in an easier way. Our degrading tapes page has been updated with a section on Lighter edge-shedding. This also includes a description of a simple tape-wiping process.]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/03/05/lighter-edge-shedding-another-possible-degradation-modality/</link>
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		<title>Open Source software…and other tools II</title>
		<description><![CDATA[This is the second installment of my open-ended quest for great software. The previous (and inaugural) article is here. The excitement is that the current version of LibreOffice has removed a good deal of the startup sluggishness. While still not as fast as MS Office 2003, remember with LibreOffice, you are starting the whole suite [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/03/01/open-source-software%e2%80%a6and-other-tools-ii/</link>
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		<title>Updates posted for &#8220;winding tapes for long-term storage&#8221;</title>
		<description><![CDATA[There was yet another discussion about winding tapes for long term storage. This time it was on the Society of American Archivists list. While it was focused on VHS tapes, where it was decided that it was more important not to leave the tape in the middle with active content exposed, some discussions of the [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/02/17/updates-posted-for-winding-tapes-for-long-term-storage/</link>
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		<title>Track Configuration page updated</title>
		<description><![CDATA[I added a Track Configuration page to the resources hierarchy in the sidebar at the right. This points to other resources on the web to provide further insight into the various analog audio track configurations. There is also a brief note there about the variation in the two-track, half-inch format. These differences are minor, but [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/02/04/track-configuration-page-added/</link>
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		<title>Open Source software&#8230;and other tools</title>
		<description><![CDATA[I have been having a lot of fun recently looking for specific software tools that avoid having to purchase multiple licenses of the high-priced programs. Here are a list of my picks of free and low-cost software tools. I am sticking with Samplitude Professional for audio and Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Photoshop Lightroom for photo-graphics. [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2011/01/01/open-source-software-and-other-tools/</link>
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		<title>Another NAS contender&#8230;</title>
		<description><![CDATA[revised 9:15 AM to add Synology I was reading some additional NAS discussion on a photography list serve and was introduced to yet another NAS vendor that deserves consideration, QNAP. They appear to have wide distribution in North America (I found two online retailers that list them, CDW.CA and CanadaComputers.com. While the comparison was made [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2010/11/03/another-nas-contender/</link>
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		<title>IASA TC04 Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects available online.</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives (IASA) has released their landmark Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects as a free web (HTML) edition, available here. I provided some information for the listing of tape equalizations, and I find the compiled table (here) most useful. Thanks to Kevin Bradley and [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://richardhess.com/notes/2010/10/08/iasa-tc04-guidelines-online/</link>
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